More and more people want to set up a company in Dubai. On the one hand, to obtain a residence visa for the Emigration to Dubai but also to benefit from the tax advantages of the metropolis on the Arabian Gulf.
Everything you need to know about setting up a company in Dubai, from requirements and procedures to costs and ongoing compliance, in this comprehensive guide.
Advantages
Dubai is not only a place of extremes, but also a serious global economic player. The city combines modern infrastructure, economic stability and an advantageous geographical location. Here are some reasons why Dubai is particularly attractive for entrepreneurs:
1st position
Dubai acts as a bridge between the emerging markets of the East and the established markets of the West. This strategic location makes it an important logistics and trade center.
2. economic stability
Dubai has proven to be resilient to global economic fluctuations thanks to its impressive economic stability and the diversification of its economic sectors. Quick political decisions promise innovation and legal certainty for long-term business decisions.
3. tax advantages
The UAE and Dubai offer extremely attractive opportunities for companies and entrepreneurs. Tax benefits.
In principle, no taxes are payable on salaries, dividends, capital gains (including crypto gains) and rental income at a private level. As a private individual, you are therefore largely tax-exempt.
The company itself in Dubai generally pays no tax up to AED 3,000,000 turnover (€ 750,000), as there is still the Small Business Relief. Companies above this amount pay 9% corporation tax on company profits. However, there is still an allowance of around 3750,000 (just under €100,000), which does not have to be taxed. Combined with a salary, several hundred thousand euros can be paid out tax-free.
Banking environment
Dubai and the UAE offer a great banking environment, which is not the case in every country. tax-free land is the case. The major banks are partly state-backed and offer stable, secure and convenient banking, both for private individuals and companies. Banks in Dubai such as FAB, Mashreq or ADCB are highly recommended.
Due to the tax advantages, quick set-up and good infrastructure, companies in Dubai are definitely one of the most sought-after set-ups in the sector. Offshore companies.
Prerequisites
In principle, there are no legal requirements for setting up a company in Dubai. Most licenses are free, i.e. unregulated. Only some licenses for specialized activities (doctors, lawyers, pilots, etc...) require a license release from the authorities. More on this later.
Otherwise, anyone who does not have at least a serious legal history in the UAE can set up a company in Dubai.
Fundamentals
Generell gibt es ein paar Dinge, die man verstehen muss, bevor man ein Unternehmen in Dubai gründen kann. Hier sind die wichtigsten Aspekte einer Firmengründung in Dubai, die man unbedingt berücksichtigen muss.
Rechtsform
Before you settle down, you need to decide whether you want to operate in a free zone, mainland or offshore. Depending on your requirements, both options have their own advantages and special features.
Freezone (FZCO)
If your company is to be owned by you at 100%, you should use the Establishing a company in a Dubai Freezone choose. The concept of free zones was introduced by the Dubai government to attract foreign interest in setting up businesses in the city. Essentially, it is a special economic zone where entrepreneurs can enjoy full ownership rights, a corporate tax of AED 9 % (for UAE companies with profits of AED 375,000 or more) and a personal income tax of AED 0 %.
However, one of the main restrictions when operating a business in a free zone is that you are not allowed to trade directly with the local UAE market. However, there are exceptions for certain services.
There are currently over 30 free zones in Dubai. Generally, each free zone focuses on a specific industry and offers licenses to companies within these categories. Here are some examples:
- Dubai Silicon Oasis (DSO)
- Meydan
- DIEZ (Dubai Integrated Economic Zone) - known from Company foundation by IFZA
- JAFZA (Jebel Alo Freezone)
- Dubai International Finance Center (DIFC)
- Dubai Internet City (DIC)
Mainland (LLC)
The LLC is one of the most common legal forms and offers a balanced mix of flexibility and limited liability. This option is particularly suitable for small and medium-sized companies that do business in Dubai (mainly selling products) and also have customers here.
Mainland companies generally enjoy a higher reputation, get bank accounts more easily and are allowed to do business anywhere (geographically). There are also more licenses than for Freezone companies.
However, this option is significantly more expensive, as you have to rent an office. The cheapest "compliance offices" start at €2,000 per year.
Offshore
Offshore companies can also be registered in a free zone and enjoy many of the same benefits. However, it is not a substitute for a company in a free zone. The main difference between a company in a free zone and an offshore company is business operations. Offshore companies are allowed to do business outside the UAE and not inside. They are also not required to deposit a minimum amount of capital before incorporation.
However, unlike a company in a free zone, a sponsor is required to limit your foreign holding to 49 %.
Licenses and activities
In addition to deciding on an area, you will also need to determine the type of license you need. The Department of Economic Development (DED) is responsible for issuing licenses and there are 3 main types you can apply for:
Commercial License
To start a business in Dubai that involves trading activities or the buying and selling of goods, you need a trading license. This license can apply to businesses in the areas of import and export, sales, logistics, travel and tourism, general business and real estate.
Industrial License
This type of license is issued to companies that convert natural materials and resources into end products - manually or mechanically. This license applies to companies such as textile, metal and paper manufacturers.
Professional License
The trade license is issued to companies that operate as service providers, craftsmen or artisans. Examples of businesses that apply for this type of license are medical services, beauty salons and repair services.
Setting up a company in Dubai - procedure
The process of setting up a company in Dubai is clearly different from setting up a company in a free zone (free zone company) or setting up a company on the mainland. As already mentioned, the former is faster, simpler and cheaper. But it is not always suitable for your own project.
Below is a brief overview of both types of incorporation.
Freezone company formation
The Foundation of a free zone company in Dubai comprises eight essential steps.
1. determine business activity
The first step to starting your business and obtaining a license is to determine the type of business you want to start. Whether you want to start a small business in Dubai or a crypto business in the UAE, there are over 2,100 business activities to choose from, all of which fall into different groups from the industrial, commercial, trade and tourism sectors. You can find the full list on the DED website.
2. selection of the free zone
As mentioned above, there are over 30 free zones to choose from in Dubai. The nature of your business can influence which free zone you choose to settle in. As a rule, it makes sense to set up near companies in the same industry.
3. choose a company name
When choosing your company name, it is important that it complies with the UAE's strict naming conventions. Names that contain offensive language, could be perceived as religiously offensive or refer to political groups or the mafia are prohibited. If you name your business after a person, you must prove that this person is a partner or owner of the business (initials or abbreviations are not allowed).
Naming your business can be a complicated process. You can save time and effort by consulting an expert to help you comply with conventions and get your name approved.
4. foundation
The company is then founded. All the necessary information must be submitted to the relevant free trade zone. Below is an overview of the most important ones:
- Company name
- Licenses
- Corporate structure
- Passport
- Proof of insurance
Once these data and documents have been submitted, confirmation by the authorities and official registration usually takes a week.
5. entry visa
Once you have founded the company, you are (usually) employed as a managing director, known here as a general manager. This employment entitles you to an entry visa via Employment. This is absolutely necessary if you want to enter the UAE. A tourist visa is not sufficient for the following step. The visa via Employment is usually issued within one week of application.
6.Emirates ID
The next decisive step is to apply for the Emirates IDThe EID is the key document to be fully authorized to do business in the UAE. The EID is an identification document that enables all economic activities in the UAE. This includes above all
- Opening an account (private and business)
- Renting / buying real estate
- Telephone and Internet contract
- and much more.
With the Emirates ID you also receive a document which is also the visa for your stay in Dubai. There are different types with normal employment, the Visa in Dubai but 2 years.
How do I get the Emirates ID?
The following steps are necessary to obtain an Emirates ID:
- Entry via Employment VISA
- Medical test
- Application for EID at the local authority
- Biometrics
After a few days you will receive the EID by post.
7. bank account
As soon as the company is established and you have the Emirates ID, you can create a Open a bank account in Dubai. There is a wide range of local and international banks to choose from. There are also FinTechs, which are interesting for smaller companies.
8. ongoing management
From 2023, companies in Dubai will be required to register with the tax system on an ongoing basis. This also means keeping accounts and potentially paying taxes. Above the USD 100,000 profit threshold, 9% corporate tax is payable.
Mainland Company Foundations
The Foundation of a mainland company in Dubai is different and generally more complex and cost-intensive. For certain projects, however, it is necessary to choose this legal form.
1. select business activity / license
The first step is similar to the Freezone company, you have to choose a license. However, the selection of licenses and business activities is different and more extensive. The complete list can be found at Dubai Economic Department.
As explained at the beginning, this includes all licenses for local business activities that are not permitted for free zones. You should also be aware that certain activities, especially in the infrastructure sector, require a local sponsor. These include telecommunications and energy supply.
2. select name
The next step is to select a suitable name that also complies with the DED regulations. In practice, the legal form LLC is then added to the name. For example, Global Setup LLC.
3. initial confirmation requests
With the name and purpose of the company or the license to be issued, you can submit the documents and apply for initial confirmation. As soon as this is completed and the government approves the company, the process continues.
4TH MOA
The next step is to formulate a Memorandum of Association, or MOA for short, for the company. This legal document regulates the distribution of owners or shares, capital and rights among each other. This must then be notarized by a local notary.
5th office
The next step is to rent a physical office. This step is crucial and also a fundamental difference to freezone companies. Because a freezone company can also exist with a virtual office. The office must be physical and lockable. A desk in a coworking space is not enough. The cheapest options cost the equivalent of EUR 2,000-3,000 per year. An EJARI certificate is ultimately issued for the office, which confirms the rent and legitimizes the company.
6. submission of all documents
As soon as you have the rental agreement or the ejari confirmation, you can submit it together with the MOA and the requested license with the pre-approval from step 3. Payment of the licenses and other fees is also due here.
All further steps regarding Emirates ID including VISA, account opening and ongoing compliance are the same as for the Freezone company.
Costs
The costs for the entire setup vary greatly and depend on the factors mentioned above such as licenses, freezone and company structure. In general, however, it can be said that a freezone company formation in Dubai with professional implementation and support usually costs €8,000 - €10,000. The annual costs then amount to around €5,000 for a company with a visa.
For mainland companies, you can expect to pay €13,000 - €15,000, depending on the licenses and the number of VISAs the company is required to carry. The annual costs here are also higher than in a free trade zone and amount to €7,000-8,000.
The more VISAs the company holds or sponsors, the more expensive they are to set up and renew each year. As a rule, the company incurs additional costs of around €1,000 per VISA per year.
FAQ
Frequently asked questions when it comes to setting up a company in Dubai.
Setting up a company in Dubai with residence in Germany - is that possible?
Theoretically, of course, this is possible. Anyone can set up a company in Dubai, regardless of their place of residence. However, anyone who lives in Germany and manages the company from Germany must also pay taxes in Germany.
This is because the place of effective management is decisive for the tax domicile and not the place of incorporation or registration.
However, if you manage to rent an office in Dubai and employ a local managing director, you can also live in Germany as the owner and the company is resident in Dubai for tax purposes, as it is also managed there.
Firma in Dubai gründen mit Wohnsitz in Österreich - Geht das?
Gleiches Prinzip gilt wie in Deutschland wird auch in Österreich angewandt. Theoretisch kann man eine Firma in Dubai mit Wohnsitz in Österreich gründen. Jedoch unterliegt man weiterhin der Steuer in Österreich, sofern in Dubai vor Ort keine Substanz wie Büro und Geschäftsleitung besteht.
Do I have to enter the country to set up a company?
Freezone companies in Dubai can be set up completely remotely. However, you must enter the country for the VISA process and to open an account.
Summary
Setting up a company in Dubai, just like in Germany, Austria and Switzerland, is a process that should be carefully considered. However, if you have a clear goal, know what you want and have a professional contact person on site to handle the process, it only takes a few days. For a non-binding initial consultation on Company formation in Dubai you are welcome to contact us.
